實驗名稱：交變電場(chang)誘(you)導單(dan)射流噴印實驗

　　研究方向：研究交變電場(chang)誘(you)導下的(de)電紡直寫技(ji)術(shu)的(de)噴射(she)(she)和沉積行為，實(shi)現(xian)電紡直寫射(she)(she)流(liu)在絕緣基底上(shang)的(de)穩定噴射(she)(she)和有序(xu)微納(na)結構的(de)可控沉積現(xian)象(xiang)。

　　實驗目的：靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)中黏彈性流(liu)體的(de)流(liu)變(bian)(bian)特性、射(she)流(liu)的(de)運動沉積行(xing)為是十分明顯(xian)的(de)，但交變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)中聚合物(wu)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)的(de)射(she)流(liu)噴(pen)射(she)研究卻比較少。交變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)與靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)的(de)主要區別在于可以控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)頻率和(he)占空(kong)比來改變(bian)(bian)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)的(de)噴(pen)射(she)規律(lv)(lv)。掌(zhang)握溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)噴(pen)射(she)規律(lv)(lv)，實現交變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)誘(you)導下的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)紡直(zhi)寫(xie)技術，分析聚合物(wu)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)在交變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)中的(de)單射(she)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)紡直(zhi)寫(xie)考察(cha)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、極間距等實驗參數對液(ye)滴噴(pen)印或電(dian)(dian)(dian)紡直(zhi)寫(xie)均勻(yun)性的(de)影(ying)響。

　　測試設備：信號發生(sheng)器、運動平臺、注射(she)泵、高壓放大器、示(shi)波器、收集基底、高速攝像機(ji)等(deng)。

　　實驗過程：實驗(yan)噴射的射流通(tong)過CCD或者高速攝像機進(jin)行(xing)拍攝，噴射后得到(dao)的液滴尺寸(cun)借助光(guang)學顯微(wei)鏡進(jin)行(xing)檢測并一步觀(guan)察分析(xi)。實驗(yan)系(xi)統(tong)圖如3-1所示。

　　實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)裝置中包括交流(liu)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)源(yuan)、運(yun)動平臺、注射(she)泵、收(shou)集基底、攝(she)像機(ji)等。其中，交流(liu)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)脈沖(chong)電(dian)源(yuan)的正極接(jie)噴頭針管，負(fu)極與收(shou)集板相連;收(shou)集基底與運(yun)動平臺固定(ding)連接(jie)。注射(she)泵向噴頭針管內連續(xu)供液,溶液在(zai)(zai)針管嘴(zui)末端(duan)形(xing)成懸(xuan)滴(di)。在(zai)(zai)電(dian)場作用下，溶液由懸(xuan)滴(di)尖端(duan)噴射(she)，射(she)流(liu)聚集在(zai)(zai)收(shou)集基底上以便(bian)進(jin)一(yi)步觀察分析。圖3-2所示為實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)用高(gao)速三維運(yun)動平臺。

　　實驗裝置：信號發生器、高壓(ya)放大(da)器、示波器、注射泵(beng)、高速攝像(xiang)機(ji)；

　　實驗結果：交變電(dian)(dian)場(chang)誘導的(de)(de)單(dan)射(she)流(liu)在收(shou)集板上(shang)以液滴(di)或者連續線的(de)(de)方式沉積,具體情況(kuang)由聚合物溶液的(de)(de)濃度(du)和實驗條(tiao)件而(er)定。在電(dian)(dian)場(chang)中，帶電(dian)(dian)懸(xuan)滴(di)因表面電(dian)(dian)荷積聚而(er)產生法(fa)向電(dian)(dian)場(chang)驅動力，當噴頭施加電(dian)(dian)壓超過某(mou)個(ge)值(zhi)時(shi)，帶電(dian)(dian)懸(xuan)滴(di)會(hui)噴出(chu)帶電(dian)(dian)液滴(di)或者射(she)流(liu)。若噴出(chu)的(de)(de)為微小帶電(dian)(dian)液滴(di)則是靜電(dian)(dian)霧化，若噴出(chu)的(de)(de)是聚合物單(dan)射(she)流(liu)則稱之為靜電(dian)(dian)紡絲(si)。如圖3-5所示(shi)

　　靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)紡絲(si)主要(yao)依靠聚合物(wu)流(liu)體(ti)上的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)來產(chan)生靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)斥(chi)力，以克服(fu)其(qi)(qi)表面張力，從而產(chan)生射(she)(she)流(liu)或者液(ye)(ye)滴。因此，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)紡過程中施加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)幅值(zhi)必須超(chao)過臨(lin)界電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)才(cai)能保證溶液(ye)(ye)的(de)順利噴(pen)射(she)(she)。為了分別考(kao)(kao)察正負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)對(dui)射(she)(she)流(liu)噴(pen)射(she)(she)的(de)影響。使用PEO溶液(ye)(ye)在(zai)不同的(de)交變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場下(xia)，負向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)幅值(zhi)U作(zuo)用下(xia)的(de)液(ye)(ye)滴沉積的(de)情況，實驗采用的(de)噴(pen)頭(tou)直徑(jing)為d=60um，噴(pen)嘴至收集板(ban)間距h=2mm，輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)頻率后p-10Hz，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)占空(kong)比6-50%，供(gong)液(ye)(ye)速度(du)Q-20ml/hr;固定交變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)正向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)幅值(zhi)U(U=2000kV)，通過改變(bian)U的(de)大(da)小考(kao)(kao)察其(qi)(qi)對(dui)液(ye)(ye)滴噴(pen)射(she)(she)的(de)。

　　高壓放大器推(tui)薦：ATA-7100高壓放大器

　　圖：ATA-7100高壓放大器指標參數

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