純電阻電路和非純電阻電路的區別
有(you)時候我(wo)們會遇到純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻電(dian)(dian)路和(he)(he)非(fei)(fei)(fei)純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻電(dian)(dian)路這(zhe)兩個概念,關于這(zhe)二者(zhe)之間的(de)(de)區(qu)別(bie),你了解多少呢?本文就(jiu)來為您科普(pu),純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻電(dian)(dian)路和(he)(he)非(fei)(fei)(fei)純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻電(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)區(qu)別(bie)有(you)哪些,首先來看看純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻和(he)(he)非(fei)(fei)(fei)純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)區(qu)別(bie):
純電阻(zu)和非純電阻(zu)區別是:
1、能(neng)量轉換(huan)不同,純(chun)電阻(zu)電路的電能(neng)是可(ke)(ke)以(yi)直(zhi)接全部轉化(hua)成(cheng)為內能(neng),而非純(chun)電阻(zu)除了(le)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)轉化(hua)成(cheng)為內能(neng)之(zhi)外,其實還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)轉換(huan)成(cheng)別(bie)的能(neng)量,比如光能(neng)、熱能(neng)等(deng)。
2、功(gong)和(he)熱(re)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系不同,功(gong)和(he)熱(re)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系不同,純電阻(zu)(zu)電路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)電流做(zuo)功(gong)W等于這(zhe)部分電路(lu)發(fa)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量(liang)Q,非純電阻(zu)(zu)電流的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)是會大于電路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)。
3、電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)元(yuan)件不(bu)同(tong),純電(dian)(dian)阻的(de)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)里面的(de)元(yuan)件只有(you)三(san)部分(fen),分(fen)別是電(dian)(dian)阻、電(dian)(dian)源和(he)(he)導線(xian);而(er)非純電(dian)(dian)阻則要復雜一些(xie),包含的(de)元(yuan)件也較多,除了電(dian)(dian)阻、電(dian)(dian)源和(he)(he)導線(xian)這三(san)大部分(fen)之外(wai),還會有(you)別的(de)一些(xie)元(yuan)件。

純(chun)電阻(zu)電路(lu)和非(fei)純(chun)電阻(zu)電路(lu)介(jie)紹
純電阻電路就(jiu)是在通電的(de)狀(zhuang)態下,只發(fa)熱的(de)電路,即(ji)通電狀(zhuang)態下電能全部轉化為電路電阻的(de)內能,不對外(wai)做功,例如:電燈、電烙鐵(tie)、熨斗(dou)等,他們只是發(fa)熱,它們都是純電阻電路。
非(fei)純(chun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路像(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji),電(dian)(dian)(dian)風扇等,除了發熱(re)以(yi)外(wai),還對(dui)外(wai)做功,所以(yi)這些是非(fei)純(chun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路,非(fei)純(chun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)一部(bu)分(fen)轉(zhuan)化為電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的內能(neng),一部(bu)分(fen)轉(zhuan)化為其他(ta)形式(shi)的能(neng),如電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)扇等,一部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)就要(yao)轉(zhuan)化為機(ji)械能(neng)。
不(bu)要認為(wei)有電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)的電(dian)路(lu)一定是(shi)非純電(dian)阻電(dian)路(lu),當電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)不(bu)轉動(dong)時(shi),仍為(wei)純電(dian)阻電(dian)路(lu),歐姆定律(lv)仍適用,電(dian)能(neng)全部(bu)轉化(hua)為(wei)內能(neng),只有在電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)轉動(dong)時(shi)為(wei)非純電(dian)阻電(dian)路(lu),U》IR,歐姆定律(lv)不(bu)再適用,大(da)部(bu)分電(dian)能(neng)轉化(hua)為(wei)機(ji)(ji)械能(neng)。
含電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)(de)電(dian)路部分(fen)必須利(li)用(yong)能量守恒求(qiu)解,對于電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)必須注意(yi)公(gong)式(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)運用(yong)的(de)(de)正確,純電(dian)阻電(dian)路部分(fen)的(de)(de)一些公(gong)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)變(bian)形都不能使用(yong),所以要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)正常(chang)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)功率(lv),必須求(qiu)出(chu)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)兩端電(dian)壓和工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)流(P=UI),要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)消(xiao)耗的(de)(de)電(dian)熱(re)功率(lv),必須求(qiu)出(chu)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)流和線(xian)圈電(dian)阻。
純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻電(dian)(dian)路(lu)和(he)非純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的區(qu)別
區別(bie)一:組(zu)成元件不同
純電(dian)阻電(dian)路(lu)只包含電(dian)阻元(yuan)件(jian),通常采用一些(xie)導(dao)(dao)體或半(ban)導(dao)(dao)體材(cai)料,例如金屬電(dian)線、電(dian)阻器(qi)等(deng),這(zhe)些(xie)材(cai)料阻抗是穩(wen)定的(de),獨(du)立于頻(pin)率(lv);而非(fei)純電(dian)阻電(dian)路(lu)則包含了電(dian)容器(qi)和(he)電(dian)感器(qi)等(deng)元(yuan)件(jian),這(zhe)些(xie)元(yuan)件(jian)的(de)阻抗隨著電(dian)流頻(pin)率(lv)的(de)變化(hua)而改變。
區別(bie)二:直流(liu)和交流(liu)響應不(bu)同
純電阻(zu)電路的(de)阻(zu)抗是穩定(ding)(ding)的(de),不隨電流頻率的(de)變(bian)化而變(bian)化,因(yin)此(ci)純電阻(zu)電路的(de)直流響應(ying)和交流響應(ying)都是穩定(ding)(ding)的(de),符合歐姆定(ding)(ding)律。
而(er)非純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的阻(zu)(zu)(zu)抗則隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流頻(pin)率(lv)的變化(hua)而(er)變化(hua),當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為直(zhi)流時,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感器(qi)的阻(zu)(zu)(zu)抗都為無窮,因此直(zhi)流信號無法(fa)通過非純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路,當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為交流時,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感器(qi)的阻(zu)(zu)(zu)抗都隨著頻(pin)率(lv)不(bu)同程度地(di)變化(hua),導致非純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路對(dui)不(bu)同頻(pin)率(lv)的信號的響應不(bu)同。
區(qu)別三(san):功率因數(shu)不同
功(gong)率(lv)(lv)因數(shu)(shu)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中有(you)用功(gong)率(lv)(lv)和(he)總功(gong)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)比值,是(shi)描述電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中轉換(huan)有(you)效(xiao)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)能力的(de)(de)(de)一個參數(shu)(shu),純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)因數(shu)(shu)為1,因為在純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中,電(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)之間的(de)(de)(de)相位角(jiao)為0度,即(ji)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)同相,沒有(you)任何功(gong)率(lv)(lv)損(sun)耗,而(er)非純(chun)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)因數(shu)(shu)則隨著電(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)之間的(de)(de)(de)相位角(jiao)變(bian)化而(er)變(bian)化。
純電阻電路(lu)和非純電阻電路(lu)之(zhi)間有很多(duo)區別,包括組(zu)成(cheng)元件、直流和交流響(xiang)應以及(ji)功率因(yin)數等,不同(tong)類型的(de)(de)電路(lu)在不同(tong)的(de)(de)電路(lu)應用中具(ju)有不同(tong)的(de)(de)優缺(que)點,因(yin)此(ci),在設(she)計(ji)電路(lu)時,需要根據具(ju)體情況選擇適當(dang)的(de)(de)電路(lu)類型來滿足需要。
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