實(shi)驗名(ming)稱(cheng)：基(ji)于駐極體(ti)靜電增強的電場能量采集器輸出特性分(fen)析(xi)

　　測試設(she)備：ATA-7010高壓放大器(qi)、波(bo)形發(fa)生器(qi)、數(shu)字示波(bo)器(qi)、能量(liang)采集器(qi)等。

　　圖(tu)1：電場結(jie)構域(yu)測試(shi)系統(tong)結(jie)構流程(cheng)圖(tu)

　　實驗過程：

　　測(ce)試(shi)(shi)的過(guo)程是將采(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)放于自制電(dian)場(chang)(chang)的水平面(mian)上(shang)，數(shu)(shu)字初(chu)始預設值包(bao)含(han)數(shu)(shu)字波(bo)形發生(sheng)器(qi)(qi)、高壓(ya)放大(da)器(qi)(qi)及極板電(dian)場(chang)(chang)的相對(dui)位置(zhi)。針對(dui)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)條(tiao)件(jian)進(jin)行選擇包(bao)括(kuo)頻(pin)率(lv)(Hz)和場(chang)(chang)強(E)，通過(guo)數(shu)(shu)字示(shi)波(bo)器(qi)(qi)對(dui)交變電(dian)壓(ya)信號進(jin)行測(ce)量計(ji)(ji)算從而反饋(kui)調節(jie)得到(dao)有效電(dian)場(chang)(chang)，而使(shi)用靜電(dian)表(biao)對(dui)能量采(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)經過(guo)電(dian)場(chang)(chang)力驅使(shi)后得到(dao)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)的輸出(chu)電(dian)流及電(dian)壓(ya)并且進(jin)行記(ji)錄，并且通過(guo)P=U2/R公式計(ji)(ji)算出(chu)采(cai)集(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)的輸出(chu)功(gong)率(lv)，從而得到(dao)輸出(chu)功(gong)率(lv)與環(huan)境條(tiao)件(jian)（如場(chang)(chang)強、力、頻(pin)率(lv)等）之(zhi)間的關系(xi)。

　　圖(tu)：電(dian)場結(jie)構(gou)(gou)域(yu)測試系(xi)統結(jie)構(gou)(gou)實物圖(tu)

　　由能(neng)量(liang)采集理論分(fen)析可知(zhi)，輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與(yu)(yu)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷量(liang)有(you)(you)正相關(guan)(guan)，表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷量(liang)與(yu)(yu)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)有(you)(you)正相關(guan)(guan)，而儀(yi)器能(neng)夠(gou)直接(jie)測量(liang)的(de)(de)是表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)。又有(you)(you)由第二章駐(zhu)極體的(de)(de)制備已知(zhi)，其表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)陷阱穩定(ding)(ding)性(xing)與(yu)(yu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)相關(guan)(guan)因(yin)素(su)有(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)，由此設定(ding)(ding)相同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場和頻率條件(jian)下(xia)對不同(tong)(tong)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)的(de)(de)高絕緣(yuan)性(xing)聚合(he)物薄(bo)膜進行(xing)實驗(yan)觀察。實驗(yan)條件(jian)為(wei)發生(sheng)器輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)20Vp-p，頻率為(wei)40Hz，增益為(wei)50，薄(bo)膜厚(hou)度(du)選(xuan)最優的(de)(de)30um。選(xuan)擇高絕緣(yuan)性(xing)聚合(he)物薄(bo)膜的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)分(fen)別為(wei)-300V、-400V、-500V、-600V、-700V。薄(bo)膜具有(you)(you)不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)在既定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)實驗(yan)條件(jian)下(xia)得(de)到的(de)(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)如圖3所示。

　　圖3：表面電位(wei)對輸出電壓(ya)的(de)影響

　　實驗結果：

　　由(you)上圖可以看出(chu)駐(zhu)極體(ti)薄膜的表(biao)(biao)面電(dian)(dian)位越(yue)高，電(dian)(dian)場能量采(cai)集器的輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓越(yue)大。由(you)此說明了理論分(fen)析中(zhong)駐(zhu)極體(ti)薄膜的表(biao)(biao)面電(dian)(dian)位對輸出(chu)功率的正比關系。因此在駐(zhu)極體(ti)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)盡(jin)可能優(you)化的條件下(xia)，盡(jin)可能選用駐(zhu)極體(ti)材(cai)料(liao)表(biao)(biao)面電(dian)(dian)位高的材(cai)料(liao)，本次(ci)實驗中(zhong)選取表(biao)(biao)面電(dian)(dian)位為-700V的駐(zhu)極體(ti)材(cai)料(liao)。

　　由上述原理分析可知(zhi)，電場能量采集器結構本身(shen)的諧振頻率點(dian)和尺寸(cun)大(da)小和材料性質有相當大(da)的關系。

　　電壓放(fang)大器推薦：ATA-7010

　　圖：ATA-7010高壓放大器指標參數

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